All organisations funded by force are immoral - Part 2: the NHS
Tuesday, October 30, 2012
The lethal medical arrogance behind the Liverpool Care Pathway | Melanie Phillips.
Melanie Phillips, not my favourite journalist, has been writing about the "Liverpool Care Pathway." Something Goebbelish about the name of this route to death is enough to make decent people suspicious, but that's modern Britain for you; all marketing mouth and no trousers.
My point is not about the "pathway" itself, but the response from the medical profession to Phillips' criticism of how it is sometimes misused. The arrogance is disturbing but unsurprising. During 20 years of living abroad, Mrs P and I had occasion to use the services of doctors from time to time. We were always pleasantly struck by the difference in their approach to that of their colleagues in Britain. They did not give "orders", they discussed our issues. They looked at us while they did so. They gave us time and treated us with respect. They did not dish out government propaganda and were not subject to government incentive schemes to adopt particular approaches. In short, they treated us like I treated my clients.
At the French-run Moscow clinic we used for a while, an NHS trained doctor came to work. She lasted a few weeks before being dismissed at the request of patients. She treated patients as so much meat, did not give them time or listen properly to what they had to say. Worst of all (and inexplicable to patients with no experience of Britain's Soviet-style healthcare) she reached for some kind of NHS manual for guidance as to approved treatment. Her patients expected more than that. They wanted to see the exercise of intelligent, professional judgement based on reasoned discussion. They didn't want judgements handed down from Mount Olympus by a self-appointed god.
The NHS is a state monopoly enterprise. As such things will, it has steadily morphed into a worker's co-operative. The interests of staff take precedence over those of the customers-with-no-choice and the attitude to said customers tends to the dismissive. That's inevitable, because of the moral darkness at its heart; it is funded by force. The good opinion of patients is therefore not required. Promotion within the organisation depends upon contribution to its own goals, not those of the sick people it exists to serve. They are indeed routinely and insultingly described by NHS aparatchiks as a "cost" to the NHS, though they - collectively - pay for it.
There's nothing wrong with these medics that would not be fixed by exposure to competition and the humility it brings. You may say that they already have competition from the private health care industry but that's not really true. The doctors in private hospitals are overwhelmingly NHS consultants earning a bit on the side. Their primary source of income - and pension - is the state monopoly. They are with few exceptions trained by that monopoly and imbued with its stale ethic. If the system were fully private, they would have to provide A&E services, but instead they just offer a luxury add-on. I am fully privately-insured, but if I have an accident I will end up in the NHS's tender care. There is no way out of that in Britain.
It is indeed "our NHS" as the Tories feebly insist. I wish it bloody wasn't.
The same reason I have made all of these posts -
I live in the hope that someone can demonstrate that I am wrong.
Posted by: Mark | Monday, December 24, 2012 at 10:23 AM
Why would you continue to type responses to someone to whom your best response is the above and you have already given it at the beginning of your post? This seems illogical.
Posted by: Tomsmith | Monday, December 24, 2012 at 08:29 AM
Obviously not.
Posted by: Mark | Monday, December 24, 2012 at 01:32 AM
"Sorry,
I've thought long and hard about how to make this response, but I don't think I can beat "you are as thick as pigshit.""
Ok
"I think the main mistake you have made here is claiming..[snip]"
Are you now talking to someone else?
Posted by: Tomsmith | Sunday, December 23, 2012 at 10:50 AM
Sorry... their legitimacy isn't based on not telling people what to do... it is based on everyone having an equal ability to tell everyone else what to do... (whatever that might mean)
Posted by: Mark | Friday, December 21, 2012 at 04:05 PM
Sorry,
I've thought long and hard about how to make this response, but I don't think I can beat "you are as thick as pigshit."
I think the main mistake you have made here is claiming that both communism and the work based property system are universal, but that nothing else can be (this is essentially the entire argument we have been having).
If you were to state that legitimate ownership were based on some form of "natural principle" ie ownership of work done, or shared ownership on behalf of everyone I could at least respect you as consistent even as I disagreed with you.
But you are telling me that these two, very different systems, are both legitimate and yet that their legitimacy rests on not telling people what to do.
Frankly I don't think you have a leg to stand on. Further, I don't think you've even attempted to produce a justification for how this might be true.
I have to assure you (you'll have to take my word for it) that I am not someone who has generally (ever?) had much trouble understanding arguments. So the fact that yours appears to be entirely stupid is indicitive of one of two things. Either you are a semi-autistic genius, entirely incapable of communicating his fantastic theories to other people, or you are stupid. The fact that you have contradicted yourself, responded to questions with falacious circular arguments (it is universal because everyone will agree with it, they will agree with it because it is universal) suggests to me the latter.
Your goal is far too ambitious.
Posted by: Mark | Friday, December 21, 2012 at 03:29 PM
The legal limitation period is 14 years. It's ludicrous to go back centuries. I feel no need to do so. Much value has been added (and lost in some cases) in the generations since. And land is a relatively trivial proportion of assets these days. This is just NOT a problem. Mark is dishonestly using it as an excuse to redistribute to his cronies. I don't know why you are worrying about it.
Posted by: Tom | Sunday, December 16, 2012 at 11:56 PM
No problem Tom.
Just out of interest, what do you think is a suitable expiry period for the force involved in gaining feudal or other unjustly appropriated and then inherited lands to expire (assuming the original perpetrators and chain of ownership are easily identified). Why do you feel that the crime expires after a certain amount of time and does this apply to other crimes?
How do you feel about realistic present day corrective measures (for example a land value tax distributed to everyone)?
Posted by: Tomsmith | Sunday, December 16, 2012 at 11:15 PM
Sorry tomsmith, I replied by email rather than going to the site and got confused. I was replying to your comment about the feudal origins of (some) property, but the "people like you" was directed at Mark. I apologise to you both.
Posted by: Tom | Sunday, December 16, 2012 at 12:55 PM
Tom, is this a reply to me or to Mark? It seems to contain elements of reply to both positions.
Posted by: Tomsmith | Sunday, December 16, 2012 at 12:31 PM
True, a very long time ago. The limitation period on the crimes concerned (if crimes they were at the time) has long expired. Disturbing the settled property rights now would do much more harm than good. Settled property rights correlate precisely to economic prosperity. The newly wealthy of the developing world (and the growth markets in formerly poor countries are now the world's primary engine of economic development) trust their assets to the City of London and their legal disputes to English Law not because the pathetic, ignorant, dwindled English race is in any way superior (few of them work in the City these days anyway; it draws its staff from the best universities of the world), but because of the settled Rule of Law derived from Magna Carta that people like you are constantly attacking. What is the UK Uncut attack on companies that are in perfect compliance with law but an attack on the Rule of Law itself and an attempt to replace it with the will of the ruling class? Just, in effect, as it was for King John until the Barons and the Archbishop put their swords to his royal throat?
Posted by: Tom | Sunday, December 16, 2012 at 09:27 AM
"how do u determine what is legitimatley ownd"
Legitimate ownership of an unowned physical resource is conferred by the expenditure of human capital in the transformation of that resource.
Posted by: Tomsmith | Sunday, December 16, 2012 at 08:40 AM
"Picking up a piece of paper before anyone ellse is a universal ethic?
So presumably you have no objection to the devine right of kings?"
This is a non sequitur. The origin of feudal title is based upon conquest and oppression, not transformation of unowned land.
Posted by: Tomsmith | Sunday, December 16, 2012 at 08:37 AM
Wow...
I was really drunk when I wrote that - I appologise for the language, but have to say I agree with the sentiments expressed.
Posted by: Mark | Sunday, December 16, 2012 at 07:28 AM
Tomsmith...
You are as thick as pigshit.
Posted by: Mark | Saturday, December 15, 2012 at 06:35 PM
Picking up a piece of paper before anyone ellse is a universal ethic?
So presumably you have no objection to the devine right of kings?
Tom... please help me here...
really... do you agree with this guy or is he just talking complete shit?
I feel like I hav expended enough of my life on this
Posted by: Mark | Saturday, December 15, 2012 at 06:28 PM
Tomsnmith...
もう 面倒臭いなんですよ
本当に
picking up something hich is not legitimately owned blah blah blah... but how do u determine what is legitimatley ownd you retard...
I want outside adjudication on this discussion.
I demand it.
Tom.. what is your opinion. Tom?
Posted by: Mark | Saturday, December 15, 2012 at 06:15 PM
"Which means surely that legitimate ownership cannot be simply based on who picks something up first - because the act of picking something up can be an act of force. It would also be entirely legitimate to object to a property system based upon "who created it" - since this in itself isn't necessary for universalism."
You have identified the error in your reasoning yourself. The act of picking something up is the initiation of force only if that thing is already legitimately owned. Picking up a thing that is not legitimately owned by any individual or any communist collective is not an act of force because that thing is unowned. In the absence of communism personal ownership of human capital is the default position, legitimate because it is universal. If you wish to object to this then you must either be proposing the imposition of blanket communism (itself an act of force unless you can get everyone to agree), voluntary communism (I have no problem with this), or a non universal political ethic (you are unlikely to do this openly because it institutionalizes the use of force and amounts to a caste system).
"So, if you and your chums have decided that a certain tree, or wallets, or pieces of paper are yours - but I and my African friend disagree - in what sense is that not you deciding the rules which we will be bound by?"
Nobody is deciding the rules by which you will be bound in the sense that nobody has forced you to do anything and nothing of yours has been taken against your will.
"Talking about the "boundaries of society" doesn't help us either, for exactly the same reason - it is entirely possible that people will disagree with the boundaries of society - and since there is nothing within the universal, non-force system which tells us what these boundaries must be... how will we determine them?"
Disagreement is fine. Using force is not fine. There is indeed something within the voluntary system which tells us where boundaries lie. They are determined by what freely choosing people agree in the absence of force.
Posted by: Tomsmith | Saturday, December 15, 2012 at 11:52 AM
A voluntary, non-force based system is legitimate because it is universal... it is universal in part, because it is not based on force.
Deciding rules for other people is non-universal and requires force.
Picking up a piece of paper can be an act of force if it is done in opposition to legitimate ownership.
Ownership over the things we have created is not in itself a requirement for universalism (communist systems can also be universal).
Which means surely that legitimate ownership cannot be simply based on who picks something up first - because the act of picking something up can be an act of force. It would also be entirely legitimate to object to a property system based upon "who created it" - since this in itself isn't necessary for universalism.
So, if you and your chums have decided that a certain tree, or wallets, or pieces of paper are yours - but I and my African friend disagree - in what sense is that not you deciding the rules which we will be bound by?
Talking about the "boundaries of society" doesn't help us either, for exactly the same reason - it is entirely possible that people will disagree with the boundaries of society - and since there is nothing within the universal, non-force system which tells us what these boundaries must be... how will we determine them?
Posted by: Mark | Friday, December 14, 2012 at 10:36 PM
A previous summing up:
"People only have control over their own physical bodies and thoughts, and are unable to exert control over other individuals without the use of force. In the absence of force voluntarism is the default. Its legitimacy is based upon its universality, not the fact that it arises naturally in the absence of force. It is nonsensical to suggest that forceful response to the initiation of force forces people who would like to use force not to use force. All outside claims on property I own through voluntary exchange entail force. The use of force is illegitimate because it establishes a non-universal ethic."
Posted by: Tomsmith | Friday, December 14, 2012 at 09:39 PM
Tell me which definitions of the term you are having difficulty with and I will attempt to clarify.
Posted by: Tomsmith | Friday, December 14, 2012 at 09:35 PM
What?
Posted by: Mark | Friday, December 14, 2012 at 12:00 PM
I don't have an intuitive grasp of the term - you have provided several definitions which don't seem to add up.
Posted by: Mark | Friday, December 14, 2012 at 11:59 AM
That depends upon those things already discussed
Posted by: Tomsmith | Friday, December 14, 2012 at 09:04 AM
If you don't have any grasp of the meaning of the term, why do you accuse me of over reliance on it as a panacea for poor argumentation avoiding what you believe to be the "key point- the basis for property laws"?
This would seem like a strange thing for you to do if what you say is true.
Posted by: Tomsmith | Friday, December 14, 2012 at 08:56 AM
But I thought picking up paper could be force?
Posted by: Mark | Friday, December 14, 2012 at 06:52 AM
I don't have any intuitive grasp of what you mean by "universal".
Could you explain this term to me?
Posted by: Mark | Friday, December 14, 2012 at 06:50 AM
["Universal rules are of course the ones freely choosing people choose"
"A new child born in Africa has no claim on my wallet. My wallet and its contents exist due to voluntary exchange with other people who want what I produce. "]
"Freely choosing people" cannot choose to forcibly restrict choice, else they are no longer freely choosing people. Not a contradiction.
["I repeat, acceptable rules are the ones that freely choosing individuals choose. Given a free choice among freely choosing peers forming a "society", what would you agree to?"
"Voluntarism or consent based property ownership is the default system in the absence of force."]
Same as above. Voluntarism is not forced upon anyone. It is all that is available in the absence of force. The absence of force is not force.
["You don't need to give consent for my wallet to be mine
"Forcing your conception of property rights onto other people is the problem"]
No force is involved in my wallet being mine.
["The communistic system can exist fully as part of a larger freely chosen whole but the opposite is not true."
" It is not owned equally by everyone because such a system is non-functional."
"Although equal ownership of everything and everyone by everyone is a universal property ethic, all property isn't (cannot) be owned by everyone in practical terms"]
I think you are correct here, I was too charitable. The communistic system cannot exist in practical terms at all.
["All pragmatic arguments have as basic assumptions certain "hypocritical, moralistic or pseudo-logical nonsense"."
""because you believe that there will be no disagreement between rational, freely choosing men"]
I have no idea what these fragments refer to. You will have to quote at greater length or construct an actual argument.
[No"
"Maintaining universality is what gives legitimately owned property its legitimacy. All people understand this."]
ditto
Posted by: Tomsmith | Thursday, December 13, 2012 at 09:56 PM
"Response shows distinct lack of perspicacity."
I am sorry you do not seem to understand the argument. What can I do to help?
"Over reliance upon the term "universal" as a pancea for poor argumentation. Avoids key point - the basis for property laws."
I am not arguing about property laws. What do you understand by the term universal as applied to ethics?
Posted by: Tomsmith | Thursday, December 13, 2012 at 09:45 PM
D -
Response shows distinct lack of perspicacity. Over reliance upon the term "universal" as a pancea for poor argumentation. Avoids key point - the basis for property laws.
Must try harder.
Posted by: Mark | Thursday, December 13, 2012 at 12:39 PM
Instead of writing a response to each of your selective and out of context quotes I think it is easier to summarise the argument so far. This should suffice to clear up any misunderstandings:
People only have control over their own physical bodies and thoughts, and are unable to exert control over other individuals without the use of force. In the absence of force voluntarism is the default. Its legitimacy is based upon its universality, not the fact that it arises naturally in the absence of force. It is nonsensical to suggest that forceful response to the initiation of force forces people who would like to use force not to use force. All outside claims on property I own through voluntary exchange entail force. The use of force is illegitimate because it establishes a non-universal ethic.
Posted by: Tomsmith | Saturday, December 08, 2012 at 10:56 PM
"Universal rules are of course the ones freely choosing people choose"
"A new child born in Africa has no claim on my wallet. My wallet and its contents exist due to voluntary exchange with other people who want what I produce. "
"I repeat, acceptable rules are the ones that freely choosing individuals choose. Given a free choice among freely choosing peers forming a "society", what would you agree to?"
"Voluntarism or consent based property ownership is the default system in the absence of force."
"You don't need to give consent for my wallet to be mine
"Forcing your conception of property rights onto other people is the problem"
"The communistic system can exist fully as part of a larger freely chosen whole but the opposite is not true."
" It is not owned equally by everyone because such a system is non-functional."
"Although equal ownership of everything and everyone by everyone is a universal property ethic, all property isn't (cannot) be owned by everyone in practical terms"
"All pragmatic arguments have as basic assumptions certain "hypocritical, moralistic or pseudo-logical nonsense"."
""because you believe that there will be no disagreement between rational, freely choosing men"
No"
"Maintaining universality is what gives legitimately owned property its legitimacy. All people understand this."
Posted by: Mark | Saturday, December 08, 2012 at 04:07 PM
"To achieve universality... everyone is fully entitled to the natural property they have in their person and labour"
"What do "natural" principles have to do with anything?"
"Universality means everyone subject to the same rules, essential for any coherent political ethic. Some people proposing what some other people should be able to have and do is obviously not an example of a universal ethic because only some people get to decide the rules."
"What I produce is owned by me. It is not owned by some other specific person or group because such a property ethic would be non-universal."
" On the other hand an ethic of "Everyone should have x" cannot be applied universally because someone is deciding what everyone else should do."
"everyone is fully entitled to the natural property they have in their person and labour and is justified in defending this property against agression."
Posted by: Mark | Saturday, December 08, 2012 at 04:05 PM
"I withdraw consent for you to own your wallet. In my opinionit is mine - you stopping me from taking it will be the initiation of force.
Now what?"
Now you are confused.
Posted by: Tomsmith | Saturday, December 08, 2012 at 10:21 AM
"A new child is born in Africa. Has he consentec to your ownership of your wallet? Have I?"
A new child born in Africa has no claim on my wallet. My wallet and its contents exist due to voluntary exchange with other people who want what I produce. What I produce is owned by me. It is not owned by some other specific person or group because such a property ethic would be non-universal. It is not owned equally by everyone because such a system is non-functional.
"you just aren't allowed to take any property without the consent of everybody!"
Although equal ownership of everything and everyone by everyone is a universal property ethic, all property isn't (cannot) be owned by everyone in practical terms. Arguing for a system of truly communal ownership of all property is logically acceptable but amounts to a demand that everything be destroyed because you don't like the results of free exchange.
"You are now in the mad position of claiming that everybody must agree to you having ownership of your wallet, as a law of nature, or the position of saying their is implicit consent when there is clearly none."
Absolutely not.
"Who is it that determines the boundries of these systems?"
The participants determine the boundaries of the systems the participate in.
"I am free to go off with my chums and start a commune"
Of course, feel free. Have fun
"but under no circumstances may I touch your wallet?"
Of course not. My wallet is mine, not yours. Touching my wallet is initiating force against me.
"Why? Who has decided that your wallet is yours? I withdraw consent."
You don't need to give consent for my wallet to be mine.
Posted by: Tomsmith | Saturday, December 08, 2012 at 10:20 AM
I withdraw consent for you to own your wallet. In my opinionit is mine - you stopping me from taking it will be the initiation of force.
Now what?
Posted by: Mark | Friday, December 07, 2012 at 11:54 PM
"voluntarism or consent based property systems are the default...without force it simply exists..."
"because it is my wallet... you are initiating force against me in taking it because I have not consentec"
"There is no reason for freely choosing people to be forced to live in a single system"
voluntarism and consent based property systems are not the default. A new child is born in Africa. Has he consentec to your ownership of your wallet? Have I?
You are entirely free to live under any system you like under *freedom of choice* - you just aren't allowed to take any property without the consent of everybody!
You are now in the mad position of claiming that everybody must agree to you having ownership of your wallet, as a law of nature, or the weasley position of saying their is implicit consent when there is clearly none.
Who is it that determines the boundries of these systems? I am free to go off with my chums and start a commune but under no circumstances may I touch your wallet? Why?
Who has decided that your wallet is yours? I withdraw consent.
Posted by: Mark | Friday, December 07, 2012 at 11:52 PM
"In which case.. it is ok for me to adopt a communistic approach to property and take your wallet. That is my free choice and therefore you can't use force to stop me.
No?
Why?"
Because it is my wallet. You are initiating force against me in taking it because I haven't consented. You seem to be assuming that you have the choice to over ride the free choice of other people. This is contradictory unless they have agreed that you can do so.
"*any* system of property ownership will require the explicit consent of everyone involved (everybody) if it is to be established without force"
Voluntarism or consent based property ownership is the default system in the absence of force. Without force it simply exists. It does not require establishment because establishment is force. You are correct that all coercive systems require specific consent from everyone involved to be legitimate.
"Since everyone doesn't agree, in practice, our social systems require force - including the one you are proposing."
There is no reason for freely choosing people to be forced to live under a single system. Freely choosing people choose the 'system' (or not) that suits them best. You seem stuck thinking in terms of imposed top down systems.
" the principle of respecting freedom of choice clearly cannot, by itself, be a principle on which everyone can agree."
Nobody needs to agree since all people only have control over their own physical bodies and thoughts, and are unable to exert control over other individuals without the use of force. The imposition of force is undesirable because it establishes ethical systems that are non-universal.
"Couldn't the principles be based on non-hypocritical morality and real logic (by the way, not sure where the "sic" was - but pretty sure that writing it makes you an ass) ?"
You are free to make logical arguments if you like. Sic was used to draw attention to your probably intentional error/use of rhetoric in presenting so called pragmatic arguments as being value and assumption free. Which is of course nonsense. I don't think you have shown any hypocrisy in anything I have said. So far you just seem to miss the point again and again. I don't think I agree with a single one of your para-phrasings of my argument. Every one appears to be more or less a straw man.
"I think the most important thing is to examine your principles, something which you are entirely unwilling to do"
I am very willing to examine my actual principles.
Posted by: Tomsmith | Friday, December 07, 2012 at 10:25 PM
Tomsmith,
In which case.. it is ok for me to adopt a communistic approach to property and take your wallet. That is my free choice and therefore you can't use force to stop me.
No?
Why?
Because "You cannot have a system where everything is owned equally without the explicit consent of everyone involved. Imposing such a system without consent requires force."
You're almost there, it has taken a while. The last leap you have to make is that *any* system of property ownership will require the explicit consent of everyone involved (everybody) if it is to be established without force.
Since everyone doesn't agree, in practice, our social systems require force - including the one you are proposing.
I suppose it is possible that we might find a moral principle on which everyone can agree ("do unto others..."?) - but the principle of respecting freedom of choice clearly cannot, by itself, be a principle on which everyone can agree. In fact, if you had to choose a principle likely to lead to disagreement - freedom of choice is it.
Couldn't the principles be based on non-hypocritical morality and real logic (by the way, not sure where the "sic" was - but pretty sure that writing it makes you an ass) ?
I think the most important thing is to examine your principles, something which you are entirely unwilling to do
Posted by: Mark | Friday, December 07, 2012 at 02:34 AM
"So... respecting the freedom of choice of others is a natural principle."
No
"I don't understand why you object to the words "must" here."
There is no must in freedom
"If the communistic system is allowed to exist, how would a property rights system function in practice?"
People would choose whatever system suited them best.
"Well exactly - if we have different conceptions of what constitutes legitimate property and therefore different conceptions of what constitutes force - we will have problems, won't we?"
Maintaining universality is what gives legitimately owned property its legitimacy. All people understand this. The imposition of force is undesirable because it establishes ethical systems that are non-universal. You cannot have a system where everything is owned equally without the explicit consent of everyone involved. Imposing such a system without consent requires force.
"Really? Why?"
Because all pragmatic arguments entail certain ontological and epistemological assumptions, i.e. the same kind of moralistic or pseudo logical nonsense (sic) that you dismiss. Do you really reject any logical argument, or are you merely playing with rhetoric in a blatantly cack-handed way?
"To be honest with you, I'm pretty sure that you are being dogmatic."
I'm perfectly willing to consider any reasonable and honest argument, if you will present one.
Posted by: Tomsmith | Friday, December 07, 2012 at 01:26 AM
Tomsmith,
To be honest with you, I'm pretty sure that you are being dogmatic.
Posted by: mark | Sunday, December 02, 2012 at 04:23 PM
So... respecting the freedom of choice of others is a natural principle.
I don't understand why you object to the words "must" here.
If the communistic system is allowed to exist, how would a property rights system function in practice?
" Feel free to choose whatever property rights you like but don't expect people not to object when you use force to try and take their stuff"
Well exactly - if we have different conceptions of what constitutes legitimate property and therefore different conceptions of what constitutes force - we will have problems, won't we?
"All pragmatic arguments have as basic assumptions certain "hypocritical, moralistic or pseudo-logical nonsense"."
Really? Why?
Posted by: mark | Friday, November 30, 2012 at 11:13 PM
"Now, you have told me, several times, that the standards which you use to judge whether an action is moral or not are not based upon natural principles (beyond human decision making), but that everything must be chosen by "freely-choosing individuals...free to choose whatever system suits them best".
Presumably, the principle of *respecting the freedom of choice of others* itself, must be a natural principle - because if such a principle led inevitably, as you claim, to a worse outcome for some individuals, they would not choose it - and therefore their freedom of choice would have to be ignored with respect to this matter - the principle cannot establish itself."
There is no must or should about free choice. In the absence of externally applied force free choice is simply the situation. The rules that arise in such a situation have moral authority because they are universal, as opposed to those that are imposed by force.
"there are likely to be a minority of people for whom the communistic system is the better choice. If we only have our principle of freedom of choice, then there is actually nothing we can do to stop them from living in this way - we can only have them agree to our "property rights system" by forcing them to do so against their will. If we decide not to force them to obey our property rights, then they will be at an advantage to those who do - and people will have an incentive to ignore property rights - the system will collapse.
If we agree that in practice, the communistic system will not work if adopted by everyone, the only possibility is to establish property rights by force, or alternatively to make these property rights another principle. Please note that we make this choice not for moral or logical reasons but for pragmatic ones."
With free choice people who believe the communistic system is the better choice will of course choose the communistic system. There is only a problem if they attempt to impose the communistic system on anyone that does not choose it. The communistic system can exist fully as part of a larger freely chosen whole but the opposite is not true. As I said before free choice means exactly that; nobody is choosing that people make their own choices, it is merely the reality of human existence without coercion. If you don't like it then your first and only choice can be to resign your autonomy and voluntarily accept the control of someone else. Otherwise having control over the choices of other people can only be achieved through force.
"I'm afraid to say that I think you are going to have use force, or alternatively adopt a new principle - *no freedom of choice with respect to the nature of property rights*.
Again, this principle is not based on moral or logical considerations, but on practical ones."
Most stable conceptions of property are based on capital creation. In your example the tree would probably belong to whoever grew, tended, pruned or otherwise invested in it first. Feel free to choose whatever property rights you like but don't expect people not to object when you use force to try and take their stuff. Forcing your conception of property rights onto other people is the problem. There is no problem in resolving disputes between people voluntarily living under the same universal system or different systems provided boundaries are respected. The system people choose is up to them.
"However, if you are going to make that argument, I don't feel you can legitimately claim to be representing the "force free" society - all that "no force" means is that we have a lot of principles, decided for arbitrary or pragmatic reasons, which excuse certain uses of violence - but equally, it would be possible for anyone to make such principles to excuse the violence they consider to be necessary."
Violent response to force is not the imposition of force. The imposition of force is undesirable because it establishes ethical systems that are non-universal. Violent response to the imposition of force is the protection and preservation of free choice and universality.
"let's criticise other systems on the basis of pragmatic, real world effects, not hypocritical moralistic or pseudo-logical nonsense"
All pragmatic arguments have as basic assumptions certain "hypocritical, moralistic or pseudo-logical nonsense".
Posted by: Tomsmith | Friday, November 30, 2012 at 02:56 PM
So, we now have two principles *freedom of choice*, *no freedom of choice with regards to ignoring property rights* We haven't, however, yet decided what the property rights are.
Now, we still only have our two principles - so we still haven't got around our problem of how people will agree on what property rights are acceptable. You haven't clearly laid out how we can solve this problem of possible disagreement, except to say that rational people are likely to agree - despite the fact that you concede *some people will be worse off under any system*. I want the tree. You want the tree. How do we solve this problem?
I'm afraid to say that I think you are going to have use force, or alternatively adopt a new principle - *no freedom of choice with respect to the nature of property rights*.
Again, this principle is not based on moral or logical considerations, but on practical ones.
Furthermore, its not even clear that property rights are the limit of your problems. If we require property to do work, and the property requires us - how much of our work is due to the property? Can work be seperated from property rights?
Can any human action?
Now Big Tom, the host of this website, would chime in at this point and tell us "clogs to clogs in three generations" - the original distribution of property doesn't actually matter as long as we have *freedom of choice* from this point on. Fair enough, that sounds like a pragmatic argument.
However, if you are going to make that argument, I don't feel you can legitimately claim to be representing the "force free" society - all that "no force" means is that we have a lot of principles, decided for arbitrary or pragmatic reasons, which excuse certain uses of violence - but equally, it would be possible for anyone to make such principles to excuse the violence they consider to be necessary.
If any society can be "force-free" with a sufficient number of principles, in effect the "force free" society does not mean anything.
In conclusion:
If we have already decided that we must make concessions to reality and base our social systems on pragmatic considerations, let's criticise other systems on the basis of pragmatic, real world effects, not hypocritical moralistic or pseudo-logical nonsense.
Posted by: Mark | Monday, November 26, 2012 at 06:52 AM
It would not be internally inconsistent to argue for property rights for those who do not respect them, just as it is not internally inconsistent to argue for mercy for the merciless.
It is however internally inconsistent to state that only societies which don't require coercion are acceptable, and then say that a certain society you like, which requires coercion, is acceptable. Which is what you are doing.
First, I think it is necessary here to have a definition. I don't think that anyone is claiming that a society can exist without any implicit or explicit violence at all - you have said that people should be allowed to defend their property - but you would not view this as force. So force, in this discussion, means an immoral form of violence.
Now, you have told me, several times, that the standards which you use to judge whether an action is moral or not are not based upon natural principles (beyond human decision making), but that everything must be chosen by "freely-choosing individuals...free to choose whatever system suits them best".
Presumably, the principle of *respecting the freedom of choice of others* itself, must be a natural principle - because if such a principle led inevitably, as you claim, to a worse outcome for some individuals, they would not choose it - and therefore their freedom of choice would have to be ignored with respect to this matter - the principle cannot establish itself.
So, you start with the principle *freedom of choice of others must be respected*
Where does this take us?
Well, I think there are a number of problems here. Firstly, as I'm sure you are aware, there is a problem with respect to property. Unfortunately, we cannot ask a tree who it wants to belong to, which means we can only state who we want to give the tree to. The problem here is obviously that we could theoretically have two (or more) different opinions as to who the tree should go to, and no real way of deciding between them using only our principle *freedom of choice must be respected*.
You try to get around this by claiming that there are only two possible forms of ownership using the principle *freedom of choice* -a form of communal anarchy, where there are no rules with respect to property and a "natural property rights system" - and that because the communistic system will have negative effects, in practice, rational people will choose a "natural property rights system".
I don't think this argument gets us very far. Firstly, there are likely to be a minority of people for whom the communistic system is the better choice. If we only have our principle of freedom of choice, then there is actually nothing we can do to stop them from living in this way - we can only have them agree to our "property rights system" by forcing them to do so against their will. If we decide not to force them to obey our property rights, then they will be at an advantage to those who do - and people will have an incentive to ignore property rights - the system will collapse.
If we agree that in practice, the communistic system will not work if adopted by everyone, the only possibility is to establish property rights by force, or alternatively to make these property rights another principle. Please note that we make this choice not for moral or logical reasons but for pragmatic ones.
Posted by: Mark | Monday, November 26, 2012 at 06:51 AM
"Although *you* don't realise it, we not only need society to live in the manner to which we are accustomed, we need it to live full stop. (This may change in the future - at that point of super abundance, perhaps all discussions of society become moot.)"
You are vascilating (sic) between two different definitions of society.
"We need to have some basis for the organisation of individuals for both economic and personal reasons - heed the lesson of "I pencil" - we need some method of working together to make things."
We have some method of working together to make things. It does not require force and in fact works best under conditions of non aggression.
"Further, most people won't be happy sitting in a room on their own. You can call this organisation "a ham sandwich" if you like, I shall stick with the convention of calling it "society"."
You seem to be arguing against someone that is not me.
Posted by: Tomsmith | Thursday, November 22, 2012 at 10:02 PM
"I think this is the internet argument equivalent of an insanity plea"
I think this is irrelevant
Posted by: Tomsmith | Thursday, November 22, 2012 at 09:55 PM
"firstly, that you have a social system in which force is not necessary and secondly, that we "can eliminate society"."
I reject what you think of as society.
Posted by: Tomsmith | Thursday, November 22, 2012 at 09:53 PM
"So, if the system is not based on natural principles, outside of the decision making process, and the only acceptable rules are ones which freely choosing individuals choose, how do we get to the system where "nobody gets to choose for everyone else", if such a system will leave some freely choosing individuals worse off and they will therefore not choose that system?"
Freely choosing individuals are free to choose whatever system suits them. The only thing freely choosing individuals are not free to do is choose for other freely choosing individuals, since all freely choosing individuals are free to choose whatever they want, rather than what you or someone else wants them to want.
What would you choose?
"If all principles must be choosen and if some disagree with the principle "nobody gets to choose for others", how can we arrive at it without someone else choosing it for them?"
If some people disagree with the principle of not choosing for other people then they are free to let someone else choose for them. Nobody is choosing that people make their own choices, it is merely the reality of human existence without coercion. If you don't like it then your first and only choice can be to resign your autonomy and voluntarily accept the control of someone else. Otherwise having control over the choices of other people can only be achieved through force.
It is internally inconsistent to argue for the property rights of those that do not respect property rights.
Posted by: Tomsmith | Thursday, November 22, 2012 at 09:42 PM
"
"You almost certainly don't hate taxation to the same degree you hate hunger or physical torture or being constrained to one space."
I certainly do"
I think this is the internet argument equivalent of an insanity plea.
Posted by: Mark | Thursday, November 22, 2012 at 01:27 AM